Annealing & Finishing

Polishing Pad

A felt or cerium-loaded pad that turns a fine-ground surface into an optical finish.

Annealing
Polishing Pad diagram
Specifications
MaterialWool felt or polyurethane
Diameter100 - 200 mm
CompoundCerium oxide or tin oxide slurry
Speed500 - 1200 rpm
StageFinal polish after 600 grit

Compatible glass types

Soda-lime Borosilicate Lead crystal

Compatibility assumes the tool is rated for the working temperature of that glass family. Check the maker's documentation before use.

Overview

Polishing is the final coldworking step, and it removes almost no material. A felt pad charged with cerium oxide or tin oxide, run wet at moderate speed, smooths the microscopic scratches left by fine grinding until the surface transmits light again. It is slow, and it only works if every earlier stage was done properly.

Safety notes
  • Cerium slurry is slippery. Keep the floor around the machine clean.
  • Do not let the pad dry out on the glass. Friction heat can crack a thick piece.

Using it well

Practical guidance
  • Never jump to polishing from a coarse grit. Any scratch left will show through the polish.
  • Keep the pad damp and the speed moderate. Heat is the enemy of a good polish.
  • Wash the pad regularly. Loaded felt scratches instead of polishing.

What to look for

  • Dense felt that holds slurry evenly
  • Compatible with cerium and tin oxide compounds
  • Quick-change backing for different pad grades
Related

Tools used alongside the polishing pad

Annealing Oven diagram

Annealing Oven

A front-loading chamber for bringing finished pieces down through the annealing range under control.

Annealing
Kiln Controller diagram

Kiln Controller

The programmer that executes a ramp-and-hold schedule and holds the furnace to it.

Annealing
Annealing Kiln diagram

Annealing Kiln

A small top-loading kiln used for beads, small sculpture and single-piece annealing.

Annealing
Annealing Controller diagram
3D

Annealing Controller

A multi-segment programmer for executing a full annealing curve from heat to room temperature.

Annealing

See the annealing & finishing workflow

Read the category overview, or jump into the 3D Studio to see these tools applied to a live piece.

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